doi: 10.52899/24141437_2026_02_175
UDK: 621.382:620.22:629.5

Formation of contacts on multilayer materials for marine electronic systems

Иванов А. В., Ваганов В. В., Благодатнов В. Л.
Article language:
Citation Link: Ivanov AV, Blagodatnov VL, Vaganov VV. Formation of Contacts on Multilayer Materials for Marine Electronic Systems. Transactions of the Saint Petersburg State Marine Technical University. 2026;5(2):175–184. DOI: 10.52899/24141437_2026_02_175 EDN: RRBYGL

Annotation

Background: The development of marine electronic systems requires the introduction of miniature, reliable, and durable microelectronic components. A promising solution is the use of multilayer and two-dimensional materials in this environment, for example, graphene and transition metal dichalcogenides. When using these materials, the formation of stable electrical contacts must be ensured, which traditionally requires the use of complex and expensive technological processes. Aim: This work aims to study the physico-chemical foundations and experimental capabilities of direct-write printing technology for forming electrical contacts on multilayer materials used in marine electronic systems. Methods: Direct-write printing technology with silver-containing ink was used. Printing was performed on substrates with graphene and similar coatings. The conditions for wetting and annealing were examined, and the electrical properties of the contacts were investigated. Theoretical modeling of contact processes based on existing models and software was also carried out. Results: Direct-write printing enables the creation of ohmic contacts with linear current-voltage characteristics, bypassing the stages of standard contact formation processes. The possibility of creating stable contacts at annealing temperatures of up to 150 °C was established. According to the results of theoretical modeling, it was revealed: 1) a reduction in resistance, and 2) excellent compatibility of silver-containing ink with graphene structures. Conclusion: Direct-write printing is a technologically simple and cost-effective method for forming electrical contacts on multilayer materials, making it promising for the development of sensor, switching, and measurement modules in marine electronics. The obtained results confirm the feasibility of implementing maskless additive fabrication techniques in shipbuilding engineering practice and in the educational programs of technical universities. Keywords: graphene, multilayer materials, direct-write printing, electrical contacts, marine electronics, additive technologies, ohmic contacts, modeling

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